What PCOS type are you?
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects people with ovaries, often during their reproductive years. There are various presentations of PCOS, and researchers and healthcare professionals have proposed different subtypes or phenotypes based on the predominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms. Three common subtypes often discussed are adrenal, inflammatory, and insulin-resistant PCOS. It's important to note that these subtypes are not universally agreed upon, and the classification of PCOS is still an evolving area of research.
Insulin-Resistant PCOS:
Characteristics: This subtype is associated with insulin resistance, where the body's cells have a reduced response to insulin. Insulin resistance can lead to elevated levels of insulin in the blood.
Symptoms: Individuals with insulin-resistant PCOS may experience weight gain, difficulty losing weight, and an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Elevated insulin levels can also contribute to increased androgen production, leading to symptoms like hirsutism (excessive hair growth), acne, and irregular menstrual cycles.
Treatment: Lifestyle changes such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and sometimes medications like metformin are often recommended to manage insulin resistance.
Adrenal PCOS:
Characteristics: This subtype focuses on the role of the adrenal glands, which produce hormones like cortisol and DHEA-S. Elevated levels of androgens from the adrenal glands can contribute to PCOS symptoms.
Symptoms: Adrenal PCOS may present with symptoms such as severe acne, alopecia (hair loss), and irregular menstrual cycles. The contribution of adrenal androgens to the hormonal imbalance is more prominent in this subtype.
Treatment: Management may involve addressing adrenal function through stress reduction techniques, lifestyle changes, and sometimes medications.
Inflammatory PCOS:
Characteristics: Inflammation is thought to play a role in the development of PCOS. Chronic low-grade inflammation can contribute to insulin resistance and other metabolic disturbances.
Symptoms: Inflammatory PCOS may be associated with symptoms such as elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, which is a marker of inflammation. Women with this subtype may have more pronounced inflammatory markers and may benefit from anti-inflammatory interventions.
Treatment: Lifestyle modifications, including an anti-inflammatory diet and exercise, may be recommended. In some cases, anti-inflammatory medications or supplements may be considered.
It's important to note that many individuals with PCOS may not fit neatly into one subtype, and there is considerable overlap among these categories. Additionally, the understanding of PCOS subtypes is still evolving, and further research is needed to refine these classifications and improve treatment approaches. Individualised care based on specific symptoms and underlying factors is crucial in managing PCOS. If you suspect you have PCOS or are experiencing symptoms, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and personalised treatment plan.
